Multidrug-Resistant Organisms In Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Objective:

The spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) is a global health issue accounting for 40% of all hospital-acquired infections.

Methodology:

10-15ml of midstream urine was collected directly from the indwelling catheters of 52 catheterized patients at allied hospitals of Peshawar Medical College from November 2021 to March 2022 and was processed at the Microbiology Laboratory Peshawar Medical College. Wet preparations were examined under a light microscope for pus cells, red blood cells, and bacteria and the findings were recorded. The standard loop technique was used to inoculate urine specimens on MacConkey and blood agar plates and were incubated for 24 hours at 37^oC. A colony count of 10⁵ cfu/ml was thought to be significant. Gram staining of the colonies was performed. A number of biochemical tests were performed on API 10S system for bacterial identification. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was next used to test antibiotic susceptibility on Mueller-Hinton agar according to CLSI guidelines. For statistical analysis, statistical software for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was utilized.

Results:

Out of a total of 52 urine samples 86.5% samples had positive microbial growth. In vitro Nitrofurantoin was the most effective oral antibiotic (65% of MDROs were sensitive), whereas Meropenem and Gentamycin were the most effective parenteral antibiotics (77.7% and 64.4% of MDROs were sensitive, respectively).

Conclusion:

Surprisingly, only nitrofurantoin was found to be advised orally as a suitable drug for the treatment of CAUTIs among the 13 commonly used antibiotics.

Keywords:

MDRO, CAUTI, antibiotic susceptibility.